A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ilimin kimiyyar halittu na zamani wanda aka wakilta ta injiniyan kwayoyin halitta, injiniyan salula, injiniyan enzyme da injiniyan fermentation ya haɓaka cikin sauri, kuma yana ƙara yin tasiri da canza abubuwan samarwa da salon rayuwar mutane. Abin da ake kira ilimin kimiyyar halittu yana nufin "fasaha na amfani da rayayyun halittu (ko abubuwa masu rai) don inganta kayayyaki, tsirrai da dabbobi, ko noma kwayoyin halitta don dalilai na musamman". Bioengineering shine babban kalmar ilimin halittu, wanda ke nufin haɗakar da Biochemistry, ilmin kwayoyin halitta, microbiology, genetics and biochemical engineering don canzawa ko sake haifar da kwayoyin halitta na sel da aka tsara, noma sababbin nau'o'in, amfani da tsarin nazarin halittu akan sikelin masana'antu. , da kuma kera samfuran masana'antu ta hanyoyin sarrafa sinadarai. A takaice dai, shi ne tsarin samar da masana'antu masu rai, tsarin rayuwa ko tsarin rayuwa. Bioengineering ya hada da injiniyan kwayoyin halitta, injiniyan salula, injiniyan enzyme, injiniyan fermentation, injiniyan bioelectronic, bioreactor, fasahar haifuwa da injiniyan furotin da ke fitowa.