Nawa kuka sani game da injiniyan kwayoyin halitta

 KNOWLEDGE    |      2023-03-28

Injiniyan kwayoyin halitta shine jigon aikin injiniyan halittu na zamani. Injiniyan kwayoyin halitta (ko injiniyan kwayoyin halitta, fasahar sake hadewar kwayoyin halitta) shine yanke da hada kwayoyin halittun halittu daban-daban a cikin vitro, hada su da DNA na vectors (plasmids, phages, viruses), sannan a canza su cikin microorganisms ko sel don cloning. ta yadda za a iya bayyana kwayoyin halittar da aka canjawa wuri a cikin sel ko microorganisms don samar da sunadaran da ake bukata. Fiye da kashi 60 cikin 100 na nasarorin da aka samu a fannin kimiyyar halittu an tattara su ne a cikin masana'antar harhada magunguna don haɓaka sabbin magunguna ko inganta magungunan gargajiya, wanda ya haifar da manyan canje-canje a cikin masana'antar harhada magunguna da saurin haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta. Biopharmaceutical tsari ne na yin amfani da fasahar kere-kere a fagen kera magunguna, mafi mahimmancin aikin injiniyan kwayoyin halitta. Wato yanke, saka, haɗawa da sake haɗa DNA ta amfani da fasahar cloning da fasahar al'adun nama, don samun samfuran ƙwayoyin cuta. Magungunan kwayoyin halitta shirye-shirye ne kunna biologically shirya tare da microorganisms, parasites, dabba gubobi da kuma nazarin halittu kyallen takarda a matsayin farkon kayan, ta yin amfani da nazarin halittu tafiyar matakai ko rabuwa da kuma tsarkakewa fasahar, da kuma yin amfani da nazarin halittu da kuma nazarin fasahar sarrafa ingancin tsaka-tsaki kayayyakin da ƙãre kayayyakin, ciki har da alurar riga kafi. toxins, toxoids, serum, jini kayayyakin, rigakafi shirye-shirye, cytokines, antigens Monoclonal antibodies da kwayoyin injiniya kayayyakin (DNA recombination kayayyakin, in vitro diagnostic reagents), da dai sauransu Halitta kwayoyi da aka ɓullo da kuma shiga mataki na asibiti aikace-aikace za a iya raba. zuwa kashi uku bisa ga amfaninsu daban-daban: magungunan injiniyan kwayoyin halitta, maganin alurar rigakafi da kuma abubuwan gano kwayoyin halitta. Wadannan kayayyaki suna kara taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tantancewa, rigakafi, sarrafawa da kuma kawar da cututtuka masu yaduwa da kare lafiyar dan adam.