1. Magulu osiyanasiyana

Zinthu zakukula ndizofunikira kuti ziwongolere kakulidwe koyenera komanso kagayidwe kazachilengedwe, koma sizingapangidwe zokha kuchokera ku magwero osavuta a kaboni ndi nayitrogeni.

Ma peptides ndi ma α-amino acid omwe amalumikizidwa pamodzi ndi ma peptide kuti apange zinthu, zomwe ndizinthu zapakatikati za proteinolysis.

2. Zotsatira zosiyana

Peptide yogwira ntchito imayang'anira kakulidwe, kakulidwe, kasamalidwe ka chitetezo cha mthupi komanso kagayidwe kachakudya m'thupi la munthu, ndipo ili m'thupi la munthu. Kukula ndi zinthu zomwe zimalimbikitsa kukula kwa maselo. Zomwe zimakula zimapezeka m'mapulateleti komanso m'magulu osiyanasiyana akuluakulu ndi ma embryonic komanso m'maselo ambiri otukuka.

Pawiri wopangidwa ndi kuchepa madzi m'thupi ndi condensation awiri amino asidi mamolekyu amatchedwa dipeptide, ndi fanizo, tripeptide, tetrapeptide, pentapeptide, ndi zina zotero. Ma peptides ndi mankhwala omwe nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi ndi condensation ya 10 ~ 100 amino acid mamolekyu.