Imisemburo ikura yumuntu (hGH) ni imisemburo ya endocrine ikorwa kandi ikabikwa na glande y'imbere. HGH irashobora guteza imbere imiterere ya karitsiye hamwe no gukura kwa epiphyseal karitsiye binyuze mumisemburo ikura, ikaba ntangarugero mumikurire yabantu. Igengwa kandi nindi misemburo isohorwa na hypothalamus. Niba kubura hGH bishobora gutera imikurire yumubiri, bikavamo uburebure buke. Ururenda rwa HGH rwinjizwa mu kuzenguruka mu buryo bwa pulse, kandi biragoye kumenya HGH mu maraso iyo iri mu muyoboro wo gusohora. Yiyongera mugihe cy'inzara, imyitozo no gusinzira. Indwara ya pitoito y'uruhinja rw'umuntu itangira gusohora HGH mu mpera z'ukwezi kwa gatatu, kandi urwego rwa serumu hGH rw'uruyoya rwiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara, ariko urwego rwa serumu hGH rw'abana bavutse igihe cyose ruri hasi, hanyuma urwego rwo gusohora rwiyongera muri icyiciro cy'ubwana, kandi kigera ku ntera yo mu bwangavu, kandi urwego rwo gusohora rwa HGH rugabanuka buhoro buhoro ku bantu bakuru barengeje imyaka 30. Abantu basanzwe bakeneye hGH kugirango bakure igihe kirekire, kandi abana bafite ikibazo cya HGH ni mugufi.
Mu 1958, Raben yabanje kuvuga ko imikurire y’abarwayi bafite umwijima wa hypophysial yateye imbere cyane nyuma yo gutera inshinge za pitoito. Ariko, muri kiriya gihe, isoko yonyine ya hGH ni glande ya adenohypophysial gland yo kwisuzumisha, kandi umubare wa hGH washoboraga gukoreshwa mubuvuzi wari muto cyane. Imvubura zigera kuri 50 gusa za adenohypophysial zari zihagije kugirango zikuremo urugero rwa HGH ikenewe numurwayi umwe kumwaka umwe wo kwivuza. Indi misemburo ya pitoito nayo irashobora kwanduzwa kubera tekinike yo kweza. Hamwe niterambere ryubumenyi nikoranabuhanga, ubu birashoboka gukora imisemburo ikura yumuntu hakoreshejwe ingengabihe. hGH yakozwe nubu buryo ifite imiterere imwe na hGH mumubiri wumuntu ufite isuku nyinshi ningaruka nke. Bitewe n'amasoko menshi yibiyobyabwenge, ntabwo abana bafite indwara ya pitoito GHD gusa bashobora kuvurwa, ariko kandi no kuvura uburebure buke buterwa nizindi mpamvu.
Gukoresha imisemburo ikura kugirango uvure uburebure buke, intego ni ukwemerera umwana gufata, kugumana umuvuduko usanzwe, gukura amahirwe yo gukura vuba, kandi amaherezo akagera muburebure. Imyitozo ngororamubiri imaze igihe kirekire yerekanye ko imisemburo ikura ari imiti yizewe kandi ikora neza, kandi hakiri kare gutangira kuvurwa, ni byiza ingaruka zo kuvura.
Nubwo imisemburo ikura nayo yitwa imisemburo, itandukanye rwose na hormone yimibonano mpuzabitsina na glucocorticoid mubijyanye ninkomoko, imiterere yimiti, physiologiya, farumasi nibindi, kandi ntibizatanga ingaruka ziterwa na hormone yimibonano mpuzabitsina na glucocorticoid. Gukura imisemburo ni imisemburo ya peptide isohorwa na glande y'imbere ya pitoito y'umubiri w'umuntu. Igizwe na acide amine 191 kandi ifite uburemere bwa 22KD. Gukura imisemburo ikura imikorere yumubiri mugukangura umwijima nizindi ngingo kugirango bikure ibintu bikura nka insuline (IGF-1), biteza imbere amagufwa, guteza imbere umubiri wa anabolisme hamwe na sintezamubiri ya poroteyine, guteza imbere lipolysis, no kubuza ikoreshwa rya glucose. Mbere yubugimbi, imikurire niterambere ryumubiri wumuntu ahanini bishingiye kumisemburo ikura na thyroxine, iterambere ryubwangavu, imisemburo ikura imisemburo yimibonano mpuzabitsina, bikomeza guteza imbere ubwiyongere bwihuse bwuburebure, niba umubiri wumwana udafite imisemburo ikura, bizatera gutinda gukura , muri iki gihe, ikeneye kongeramo imisemburo ikura idasanzwe.
