Mishonga midiki yemamorekuru yagara iri mbiru yeindasitiri yemishonga!
Kweanoda kusvika zana, mishonga midiki yemamorekuru yanga iri musimboti weindasitiri yemishonga.
Ivo vane mabhenefiti akakosha mukugadzira, kufambisa uye kuchengetedza, kutevedzera murwere, kuwanikwa kwechinangwa, immunogenicity, uye kuramba vachiita basa rakakosha mukurapwa kwevarwere.
Kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji kwemakore gumi apfuura kwakagonesa makambani emishonga kuti awane uye agadzirise mamwe mamorekuru ekurapa madiki ekurapa kwakasiyana zviratidzo, uye mune ramangwana, mamorekuru madiki acharamba ari musimboti wemishonga yekurapa yekiriniki. basa rinokosha mukurapa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana.
Chii chinonzi molecule mushonga?
Mishonga midiki yemamorekuru inotsanangurwa sechero yakaderera mamorekuru uremu organic komisheni inowanikwa, yakagadzirwa, uye yakagadziridzwa kupindira mune chaiwo maitiro emuviri mukati memuviri. Mishonga midiki yemamorekuru yakajairika inosanganisira mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya (yakadai sepenicillin), analgesics (separacetamol), uye mahomoni ekugadzira (akadai secorticosteroids).
Mishonga midiki yemamorekuru ndiyo mhando dzakatenderwa zvikuru dzemishonga kusvika parizvino, inokwanisa kukurumidza kupinda mukati memembrane yesero uye kunyatsopindirana nezvinangwa chaizvo mukati memasero.
Mamorekuru madiki anogona kukonzera maitiro ekurapa mumuviri wemunhu nenzira dzakasiyana. Mhando nhatu dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeidzi:
Enzyme inhibitors: Mamorekuru maduku anopindira mukufambira mberi kwechirwere nekuvhara basa re enzyme;
• Receptor agonists / vanopikisa: Mamolekoro maduku anopindirana nemapuroteni aripo pane sero yepamusoro kuti aite kana kuti avhare receptors;
Ion chiteshi modulators: Mishonga midiki yemamorekuru inogona kudzora kuvhurwa uye kuvharwa kweiyo chiteshi kudzora kupinda nekubuda kwemaion uye kurapa zvirwere zvakaita sepfari.
Aya maitiro echiito anosanganisira imwe nzvimbo paprotein, inova homwe inosunga kana nzvimbo inoshanda yemamorekuru madiki. Kuvandudzwa kwemamorekuru madiki kunowanzo kuenderana neiyo classical lock key model theory, iyo inogadzirisa dhizaini yemamorekuru madiki zvichienderana nenzvimbo, hydrophobicity, uye magetsi emagetsi ehomwe inosunga, kuitira kuti inyatso kusunga chinangwa uye kukanganisa basa rayo.
Zvakanakira diki molecule mishonga
Nekusimuka kwemhando dzemishonga dziri kubuda senge masoja ekudzivirira chirwere, gene therapy, uye cell therapy, mishonga midiki yemamorekuru yaimboonekwa seyechinyakare, asi kutaura zvazviri, mishonga midiki yemamorekuru ichine kusarongeka kwayo.
Kuenzaniswa neabiological agents, mamorekuru madiki achiri neakakosha mabhenefiti mukugadzira, chekufambisa, kutevedzera murwere, kuwanikwa kwechinangwa, immunogenicity, uye zvimwe zvinhu.
Mamorekuru madiki ane zvimiro zvakapfava, ane huremu hwemamorekuru kazhinji haapfuuri 500 Daltons, uye anogona kugadzirwa kuti asangane nezvinodiwa zvekurapa;
Inowanzo kugadzikana uye haiwanzoda mamiriro ekuchengetedza akasarudzika akadai sekuiswa pasi pemamiriro ekushisa akaderera; Maitiro mumuviri anowanzo zivikanwa uye ari nyore kubata.
Uye zvakare, mamorekuru madiki anogona kutenderera zviri nyore uye kufamba mukati memuviri, kutamiswa kubva muura kuburikidza nekuyerera kweropa kuenda kunzvimbo yekuita, kupinda musero membrane kuti asvike intracellular tarisiro, uye kuve nehupfumi hwakawanda hwekushanda, huchiita kuti huve hwakakosha munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekurapa senge. oncology, hutano hwemwoyo, zvirwere zvinotapukira, hutano hwepfungwa, uye zvirwere zvetsinga.
Mamorekuru madiki anga ari, ari, uye acharamba ari musimboti wekiriniki yekurapa mishonga munguva yakapfuura, yazvino, uye yemberi.
Mumakore gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi maviri apfuura, nhamba huru yemishonga midiki yemamorekuru yakabvumidzwa neFDA uye yakave nemhedzisiro yakakura pakuchengetwa kwevarwere, kusanganisira Cymbalta yekurapa kushushikana uye kusagadzikana, Viagra yekurapa erectile dysfunction, Tagrisso yekunanga NSCLC, uye Eliquis yeatrial fibrillation uye anticoagulation.
Asi izvo, huwandu hwemishonga mitsva yemamorekuru yakatenderwa neFDA yakawedzera neinopfuura makumi mashanu muzana gore rapfuura, paine makumi matatu nemana emishonga madiki mamorekuru akabvumidzwa muna 2023 uye makumi maviri nerimwe chete muna 2022. yakazara FDA yakabvumidza mishonga mitsva muna 2023, zvichiratidza kuti mamorekuru madiki achiri akakosha mukusimudzira hutano.
Muchikamu chepamusoro chezana chekutengesa zvinodhaka muna 2021, pakanga paine mazana mana mashanu emishonga mamorekuru, achiverengera makumi matatu nenhanhatu muzana yemari yese yekutengesa; Kune gumi nerimwe diki molecule anti-tumor mishonga yakapinda mu TOP100 rondedzero, ine yakazara yekutengesa mari ye51.901 bhiriyoni US madhora. Iyo yepamusoro yekutengesa mari ndeye 12.891 bhiriyoni US madhora e lenalidomide; Muna 2022, kutengesa kwese kwemishonga madiki mamorekuru muPamusoro gumi chete yakasvika 96.6 bhiriyoni emadhora ekuAmerica, nePaxlovid achitengesa anosvika 18.9 bhiriyoni emadhora ekuAmerica pasi rose, achiratidza zvizere mukana wemusika wemishonga midiki yemamorekuru.
