I-Decongestant Spray iwukwelapha ngokushesha imikhuhlane kanye nokucinana kwekhala. Odokotela neziguli basebenzisa izifutho zamakhala ngenxa yezakhiwo zabo zokusiza ngokushesha. Izinhlobo ezithile zezifutho zamakhala zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha ezinye isifuba somoya kanye nokunye ukungezwani komzimba. Njengoba kwanda ukusetshenziswa kwezifutho emakhaleni, inkinga yanda. Imiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside kanye nezinzuzo zezifutho zamakhala zichazwe kabanzi kokuthi Izinzuzo kanye nobubi bezifutho zamakhala - Ucwaningo olufushane. Imigomo: i-decongestant nasal spray (DNS), isifutho samakhala/ekhala, isifutho sokuhogela, i-oxymethazoline hydrochloride (Afrin), noma i-oxymethazoline ukuze isetshenziswe emakhaleni.

Ngokusho kwe-Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingu-4.5 bahlushwa umkhuhlane ovamile kanye nezinye izifo ze-rhinitis (hay fever) phakathi kuka-2014-15. Abantu abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba basebenzisa lesi siqeda manzi ukuze badambise ama-rapids futhi babuyele emsebenzini. Akungabazeki ukuthi iyasebenza, kodwa kuthiwani ngokuyijwayela? Nanka amaqiniso okufanele uwacabangele.

Izithako zesifutho samakhala Izithako ezisebenzayo zesifutho samakhala ekwelapheni umkhuhlane ovamile kanye ne-rhinitis ngokuvamile iqukethe i-hydroxmazoline hydrochloride engu-0.05% kanye nezinye izinto ezisizayo ezimbalwa, njengezilondolozi, izishintshi ze-viscosity, ama-emulsifiers, i-placebo, kanye nama-ejenti agcinayo. Lawa ma-ejenti asebenzayo aqukethwe kusikhiphi esingacindezelwanga (ibhodlela lesifutho elincane) ukuze sinikeze isifutho esiqukethe umthamo olinganisiwe.

Yiziphi izinzuzo kanye nokubi izifutho emakhaleni? Ukusuka ekwelapheni amafinyila amaningi kuye ekwelapheni i-hay fever, kungenzeka ukuthi i-DNS isetshenzisiwe ngesikhathi esithile. Ucwaningo olusekelwe ebufakazini luphinde lwembula olunye uhlangothi ekusetshenzisweni kwalo. Ake sibheke amaqiniso.

Izinzuzo zezifutho zamakhala

1. Izinzuzo zezifutho zamakhala ze-sinusitis engapheli Ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa, lokhu ngokuvamile kwenzeka lapho isikhala esingaphakathi kwekhala nekhanda sivuvukala. Umphumela ungaba ukuvuvukala, imfiva, ukukhathala, ngisho nekhala elinukayo. Lokhu kungase kuthathe cishe izinyanga ezintathu. Ngaphezu kokusebenzisa isifutho samakhala ukuze umise ikhala eligijima, i-sinusitis engapheli ingelapheka ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono.

2. Hlanza izifutho ze-bacterial steroid nasal ziyikhambi eliphumelelayo lokuvimbela amagciwane ukuthi avale futhi akhiphe isikhwehlela esiningi emakhaleni. Ngokuvamile, ikhala elisindayo libonisa ukuba khona kwezinto eziphilayo zebhaktheriya ngenxa yokungena kwezinhlayiya zokungcola ngesikhathi sokuhogela. I-Asteroid nasal spray ingase ingasebenzi ngokushesha, njengoba kungathatha amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu uku-oda. Qhubeka nokuyisebenzisa uma unezinkinga zebhaktheriya njalo.

3. Izindlela Ezingcono Kakhulu ezingasetshenziswa esikhundleni somuthi Uma amakhambi abandayo namakhala ebonakala engakhululekile, kufanele uvakashele usokhemisi wakho ukuze uthole izinzuzo ezisheshayo zezifutho zamakhala. Amaphilisi maningi amathuba okuthi ahlangane neminye imithi, abangele izinkinga noma anciphise imiphumela yeminye imiyalelo. Nokho, kungcono ukuthi uthintane nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kuqala. Amakhambi emvelo: Izinzuzo zezempilo zejinja

4. Izinzuzo zezifutho zamakhala zemigraines Abantu abaningi baphathwa yikhanda elibuhlungu ngenxa yezizathu ezimbalwa, futhi iningi lazo liyazwela ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo noma imisindo. I-Zolmitriptan, isidakamizwa esingasetshenziswa njengesifutho samakhala, sisetshenziselwa ukwelapha ubuhlungu bekhanda obubangelwa ukuzwela. Umuthi uvimba izimpawu zobuhlungu ukuthi zingathunyelwa kuma-receptors obuchopho. I-Zolmitriptan ivimbela ukukhululwa kwezakhi ezithile zemvelo ezibangela ubuhlungu, isicanucanu nezinye izimpawu ze-migraine. Kodwa-ke, akuvimbeli ngokuphelele ukuhlaselwa yi-migraine. Landela imiyalelo yomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo lapho uthatha incwadi kadokotela ye-zolmitriptan.

5. Ukungezwani nokukhwehlela Isifutho samakhala I-antihistamine nasal spray ingadambisa isifo sokukhwehlela sokuphefumula esiphezulu (UACS). I-UACS iwuhlobo lokukhwehlela lapho amafinyila aqoqwe ezonweni egeleza emphinjeni okubangela ukuvuvukala. Lokhu futhi kuyimbangela yokukhwehlela. Amaconsi e-Antihistamine anganciphisa lokhu kucinana futhi asule nomphimbo.

6. Izifutho ezihogelwayo zokungezwani nekhala Uma unekhala elilumayo noma umphimbo obuhlungu ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi uzama ukudonsa ikhala lakho isikhathi esiningi, kungenzekai-allergies. I-Allergies ingaxhunyaniswa nemithombo ehlukene, njengempova, uthuli, noma amagciwane avala imigudu yamakhala. Uthuli oluningi emsebenzini nakho kungaba yimbangela evamile yokucasuka. Isixazululo semvelo se-saline nasal spray singamanzisa kalula amafinyila futhi siqoqe amagciwane. Hlanza izingxenye ezingcolile njalo ukuze uqede ubuhlungu bokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile.

7. Izinzuzo zokufafaza ngamakhala ekhaleni elomile Amakhala omile angenye yezimbangela zokuphuma kwegazi okukhulu ehlobo. Abantu abaningi bathola ukopha ekhaleni emazingeni okushisa aphezulu noma kubanda, nesomiso sezulu. Kokubili izingane kanye nabantu abadala bathambekele ekubeni ne-nosebleeds. Ehlobo, emoyeni oshisayo nelanga, ukuklwebheka okuncane ekhaleni lakho kungayenza yophe.

I-plexus yamakhala, lapho imithambo emihlanu ihlangana khona futhi inikeze ukuhlangana kwe-septum (udonga oluphakathi nekhala). Le ngxenye iba bucayi kakhulu futhi yome ngendlela engathandeki ehlobo, okungaholela ekuphumeni kwegazi ekhaleni. I-Afrin Nasal Spray isekela ukopha okusebenzayo. Uma ukopha kuvame kakhulu, kungcono ukubonana nodokotela wakho.

8. Izifutho zamakhala zizuzisa i-asthma Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezifutho zamakhala zelapha izimpawu ezahlukene; Ukuvuvukala kwendlela yomoya kungolunye lwezimpawu ezinjalo zesifuba somoya. Izifutho ze-Corticosteroid ziyindlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo yokuvuvukala kwezicubu (ukuvuvukala). Uma unesifuba somoya, ungasebenzisa izifutho ze-corticosteroid ukuze unciphise izimpawu nokuvuvukala. I-Corticosteroids, okuyizidakamizwa ezingadathisi, ingenye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zezifutho zamakhala.

Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kwe-oxymethazoline ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwemiphumela emibi ye-decongestants yamakhala kuye kwaqabukela kubikwe. Ezinye izinkinga ezinkulu zesifutho sokuqeda ukuhlangana kungenzeka ngenxa yokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside noma ukusebenzisana nemithi eqhubekayo.

1. Izinkinga ze-Zolmitriptan Zolmitriptan zingase zinikeze ukukhululeka ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa kwe-migraine, kodwa akuqinisekisi ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kwe-migraine. Okunye ukuhlasela kwe-migraine kungase kwenzeke, futhi izimpawu zingase zilulame ngemva kwamahora ama-2 noma ngaphezulu. Uma uthatha umthamo wesibili walo muthi, kungcono ukubonana nodokotela wakho. Ubuhlungu bekhanda bungase bube bubi kakhulu noma buvame kakhulu uma i-zolmitriptan ithathwa isikhathi eside kunokunconywa. I-Zolmitriptan Spray akufanele isetshenziswe ngaphezu kwezinsuku eziyi-10 ngenyanga. Xhumana nodokotela wakho uma udinga ukusebenzisa lo muthi ukuphatha ikhanda izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezintathu ngenyanga. Imiphumela emibi yesikhathi eside ye-zolmitriptan ingaholela ku:

Umphimbo obuhlungu noma ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba esizwelayo ekhaleni eduze kwekhala emlonyeni owomile ukunambitheka isicanucanu ubuthakathaka ubuthongo ukuvutha noma ukuzwa ukuluma

Eminye yemiphumela eyinhloko ye-nasal decongestant spray side yile:

Isifuba esisindayo noma emphinjeni kunzima ukukhuluma umjuluko obandayo izinkinga zokubona izingalo noma imilenze ebuthakathaka ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo uhudo olunzima lwesisu ubuhlungu obungalindelekile ukwehla kwesisindo ngokuzumayo ukuphelelwa umoya ukuqubuka ukuhoshozela ukuhlanza ukungakwazi ukugwinya

2. Okunye Okuvamile Kwemithi Yokuqeda Ikhala Iziguli eziningi zikubekezelela kalula ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwezifutho zamakhala. Kepha abantu abananoma yimuphi umonakalo emigudwini yabo yamakhala kufanele bagweme izifutho zamakhala ngokuphelele, wengeza uFeldweg. Imiphumela emibi evamile yakho kokubili okunqunywe udokotela kanye nezifutho zamakhala ezitholakala ngaphandle kwekhawunta zihlanganisa ukunambitheka okubabayo noma okubabayo, ukuthimula, ukucunula emakhaleni noma ukopha, nokopha: ikakhulukazi uma isimo sezulu sibanda futhi somile. Bonana nodokotela wakho uma ikhala lakho liqhubeka nokopha noma utwayi, okungase kubonise ukuthi usebenzisa isifutho samakhala esingalungile.

3. Uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi emaphakathi Ngokocwaningo olwanyatheliswa kuyi-International Journal and Clinical Experimental Medicine (2015), umcwaningi uSoderman P. Umbiko uthi i-hydroxymethazoline nasal drops ingabangela imiphumela engemihle njengokuyaluza, ukukhathazeka, ukuqwasha, ukudlikizeka, i-tachycardia kanye i-vasoconstriction. Lolu cwaningo lwenzelwa iziguli ezithatha i-hydroxymetazoline ngemithamo ye-0.01% kuya ku-0.05% isikhathi eside. Ngakho-ke, lolu cwaningo luphinde luphakamise ukuthi odokotela kufanele banikeze iziguli ulwazi olwanele oluhlobene nokusetshenziswa kwe-DNS yesikhathi eside.

4. Ukwanda kokulutheka kwe-DNS Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi esideye-DNS ingaholela abanye abantu ukuba babe imilutha yesifutho samakhala. Lokhu kulutheka empeleni kuwukuminyana okuphindaphindekayo, isimo esenza iziguli zisebenzise i-DNS kaningi kunokujwayelekile. Lesi simo esifana nokulutheka futhi sinesibopho sokubhubhisa izicubu, okubangela izifo nobuhlungu. Ungawubona kanjani umlutha we-nasal spray?

Ukusebenza ngokushesha Ubuhlungu obuphindelelayo kanye nokuvuvukala Imiphumela yesikhashana yokwehluleka kokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwe-DNS DNS Ukwenyuka komfutho wokusebenzisa isifutho

5. I-Fluticasone nasal spray side effects Le DNS yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukwelapha i-rhinitis (hay fever) nezinye izimo ezihlobene nazo, njengamakhala agijimayo noma alumelayo, namehlo agcwele amanzi. I-Fluticasone kufanele ithathwe njengoba kushiwo futhi akufanele iphuthelwe. Uma uphuthelwe, ungaphindi umthamo ngokuzayo. Ukweqisa umthamo ku-fluticasone nakho kungabangela imiphumela engemihle njengekhala elomile, ukuntweza kanye nekhala elinegazi. Ngemva kokusetshenziswa, imiphumela emibi engathi sína yokuqeda ukuhlangana kwamakhala ihlanganisa ubuhlungu obunzima bobuso, ukuphuma okunamathelayo emakhaleni, ukugodola, ikhala elishaya ikhwelo, ukopha njalo, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula noma ukugwinya.

Isiphetho Kunconywa ukuthi i-DNS isetshenziswe izinsuku ezingekho ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu zilandelana. Ingase incike kakhulu ekuyisebenziseni, okuholela emkhubeni owumlutha. Lokhu kusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe-DNS kunganciphisa ukusebenza kwayo futhi kudale ezinye izingozi zempilo.