Genetic engineering yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm bioengineering niaj hnub. Genetic engineering (los yog genetic engineering, gene recombination technology) yog txiav thiab muab cov noob ntawm cov kab mob sib txawv hauv vitro, txuas lawv nrog DNA ntawm vectors (plasmids, phages, kab mob), thiab tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau hauv cov kab mob lossis cov hlwb rau cloning, yog li ntawd cov noob caj noob ces tuaj yeem nthuav tawm hauv cov hlwb lossis cov kab mob kom tsim tau cov protein uas xav tau. Ntau tshaj li 60% ntawm biotechnology ua tau zoo yog concentrated nyob rau hauv kev lag luam kws tshuaj los tsim cov yam ntxwv tshiab tshuaj los yog txhim kho cov tshuaj ib txwm siv, uas tau ua rau cov kev hloov loj nyob rau hauv lub lag luam kws tshuaj thiab kev loj hlob sai ntawm biopharmaceuticals. Biopharmaceutical yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv bioengineering thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim tshuaj, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev tsim kho caj ces. Qhov ntawd yog txiav, ntxig, txuas thiab rov ua dua DNA los ntawm kev siv tshuab cloning thiab cov ntaub so ntswg kab lis kev cai, thiaj li tau txais cov khoom siv biomedical. Cov tshuaj lom neeg lom neeg yog cov tshuaj lom neeg ua kom muaj kev npaj nrog cov kab mob, kab mob, cov tsiaj co toxins thiab cov ntaub so ntswg lom raws li cov ntaub ntawv pib, siv cov txheej txheem lom neeg lossis kev sib cais thiab kev ua kom huv huv, thiab siv cov thev naus laus zis thiab tshuaj ntsuam xyuas los tswj cov khoom lag luam nruab nrab thiab cov khoom tiav, suav nrog tshuaj tiv thaiv, co toxins, toxoids, serum, cov khoom siv ntshav, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, cytokines, antigens Monoclonal antibodies thiab genetic engineering khoom (DNA recombination products, in vitro diagnostic reagents), thiab lwm yam. Cov tshuaj lom neeg uas tau tsim thiab nkag mus rau theem ntawm kev kho mob yuav muab faib rau hauv peb pawg raws li lawv cov kev siv sib txawv: tshuaj genetic engineering tshuaj, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob lom thiab tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj reagents. Cov khoom no tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kuaj mob, tiv thaiv, tswj thiab txawm tias tshem tawm cov kab mob sib kis thiab tiv thaiv tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv.